Method of casting hollow articles



2 Sheets-Sheet 1 1 &w

E. E. SMEETH METHOD OF CASTING HOLLOW ARTICLES Filed Dec. 22, 1924 Dec. 8,1925- 2 nvent;

Dec. 8, 1925. 1,564,372

- E. E. SMEETH I METHOD OF CASTING HOLLOW ARTICLES Filed D. 22, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 A l 4 24 Irufeni'or.

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PatentedDec. 8, 1925. "UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE."

' EDWIN E. SMEETH, or" onroneo, ILLINOIS.

METHOD OF CASTING HOLLOW ARTICLES.

Application filed December 22, 1924. Serial No. 757,497.

To azz whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWIN E. SMnn'rH, a citizenof the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have. invented certain new and useful Improvements in Methods of Casting Hollow Articles, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to the casting of hollow articles such as bosh plates for furnaces,

and has for its object to provide a new and improved method of casting such bosh plates or other analogous hollow'articles by which the necessity 'of using anchors or chaplets to properly position the core will be avoided. I accomplish this object as illustrated in the drawings and as hereinafter described. What I regard as new is set forth in the claims. a p

In the accompanying drawings, whlch 11- lustrate the apparatus which I prefer to employ and the principal stages in using the same to practice my improved method,

Fig. l is a perspective View of a bosh plate of standard design which maybe produced by practicing my invention;

Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal vertical section of the bosh plate as illustrated in Fig. 1 showing the interior construction thereof; a 5

Fig. 3 is a central longitudinal vertical section of the drag with the core pattern in place illustrating the first stage in the operation of forming the mold, the core pattern being partly in section;

Fig. 4 is a similar sectional view showing the assembled cope, drag and core pattern, illustrating the operation of completing the core cavity," i

Fig. 5'is a similar sectional view with the core substituted for the core. pattern and the parts assembled in horizontal position;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view, taken in the horizontal plane indicated by line 66 of Fig. 5, after the flask has been turned to an upright position ready for pouring, some paits of the core being'shown in elevation; an a Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view on line 7-7 of Fig. 6 showing the parts after the cast has been made.

In carrying out my improved processfI employed a flash comprising a drag and a cope which, in the main, are of the usual form, and the core cavity is formed around a'core pattern with the latter in a horizontal position. This is accomplished by placing the core pattern on a follower board, then placing the drag upon the follower board and filling the drag with green sandwhich is'rammed or otherwise suitably compacted over and around the core pattern. This operation is illustrated in Fig. 3, in which 8 indicates the follower board, 9 the core pattern, and 10 the drag. It will be noted that the follower board'8 is provided with a cavity at its upper side of a depth equalto approximately half the thickness of a bosh plate, and that the core pattern is provided at its larger end with a head or block 11 that extends to the adjoining end of the drag, against which it has a more or less extended bearing. Inthe illustrations the bosh plate, which is indicated'by' the reference numeral 12, is approximately fiat on one side and is convex on the other side. It also tapers in two directions, its front end 13 being somewhat wider and thicker than its rear end 14. At its front end the bosh plate is provided with the usual openings 15,16, 17 which are screwthreaded for pipe connections. provided at its frontend with handles 18,19 cast integral therewith, as shown in Fig. 1. So far as my present invention is concerned, the bosh plate may be made of any approved desi although I prefer that shown. Assumlng that a bosh plate of the design shown is to be made, the head 11 0 they core pattern is offset slightly from the up- It is also in the position shown in Fig. 3, as indicated at 20 in said figure, this ofi'set being compensated, for bya dry sand print 21 fitted upon what is then the upper surface ofthe head 11, the print of course being placed in position before the green sand is filled into the drag.- Also before filling in the sand one or more rods 22 are set on the uppersurface of the core pattern, so that they stand vertically, as illustrated in Fig; 3. The upper surface of the core pattern is provided with recesses 23, to receive the inner ends of said rods, said recesses being of a depth corresponding to the thick ness of the wall of the bosh plate, or, in other words, to one half the difi'erenc'e between the thicknesses of the core and core pattern. The rods 22 should be placed at thev points where they will serve most efficiently to hold the core in place in the filled with sand their outer ends project far enough so that they'may readily be grasped and moved endwise. To this end they extend through the usual bottom board 24, indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 3 and by full lines in Fig.4.. After the drag has been rammed and the bottom board 24 applied thereto the assmbled parts are turned over, after which the follower board 8 is removed, leaving the core pattern in place on the upper surface of the sand in the drag. The cope 25 is then applied to the drag and secured thereto in any suitable way, after whichone or more rods 26 are applied .to the opposite side of the core pattern, as illustrated in Fig. 4. I do not con,-

sider it necessary, however, to provide'that side of the core pattern with recesses to receive the inner ends of the rod or rods 26, althoughthey may be provided if preferred. The cope is then filled with green sand, which is rammed or otherwise compacted over the core pattern and around the rod or rods 25, the position of the partswhen this has been done being illustrated in Fig. 4:. After the application of a bottom board 27 to the cope, which bottom board is also provided with holes for the passage of the rod or rods 26, the cope is removed to expose the core pattern, which is then re-- moved leaving the inner ends of the rods 22 projecting into that portion of themold seen that according to my improved method cavity formed in the sand of the drag to an extent equal to the thickness of the walls of the bosh plate to be-produced. A dry sand core 28, formed in any suitable way, is then placed ,in the core cavity of the drag, its under side resting on the inner ends of the rods 22. Said core is also provided with a head 29, corresponding in shape and dimensions to the head 11, said head 29 resting on the dry sand print 21, shown in Fig. 5. 2 The cope is then applied to the drag, and the rod or rods 28 are moved inward until they engage the upper surface of the core 28, as also shown in Fig. 5. The outer end. of the head 29 bears against one end of the flask opposite the meeting edges of the drag and cope, and {it is held against the end boards 30, 31 of the drag and cope respectively, sothat the core cannot move endwise, by any suitable means, such as Wires 32 secured at their inner ends to rods 33, 34 imbedded in the head 29, as shown in Fig. 6, and passing out between the meeting edges of the end boards 30, 31 where they are secured to a cross-bar 35 shown in Figs. 5, 6

tion it is held by the rods 22,

Lea ers and 7. The flask is then turned to an upright position such that the head 29 of the core is uppermost, as illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7, the core being then suspended by the wires 32 from the cross-bar 35. During this turning movement the core 28 will be held in its proper position by the rods 22, 26, so that it cannot move sidewise, thereby eusuring that the walls of the bosh plate. will be of uniform thickness. Afterthe flask has been turned to its upright position, and be fore the pouring operation, the rods 22, 26 are pulled out far enough so that their inner ends are withdrawn slightly into the sand of the mold, as illustrated. in Fig. 7, leaving shallow recesses or depressions in the inner face of the. mold that communicate with the mold cavity. The apparatus is then ready for pouring. Molten copper, or such other metal as may be usedin the manufacture ofthe bosh plate, is introduced through a sprue 36 formed inthe mold in the usual way and communicating with the mold cavity by one or more gates 37. I prefer to provide three gates at different heights, as illustrated in Fig; 6, but my invention is not limited to placing them at any. particular points- The metal flowing into the mold cavity will form' the bosh plate, and also will enter the recesses left by the partial withdrawal of the rods 22, 26, so that the bosh plate as cast will have corresponding bosses 40 on its opposite surfaces, and these are preferably removed m the finishing operation. It will be understood, of course, that the usual sand prints 38, 39 areapplied to the head '29 of the core to provide for the formation of the handles 18, 19. i

From theforegoing description it Wlll be the mold is completed with the flask in its normal or horizontal osition and the core also in horizontal position, in which posi- 26, and that the flask is then turned to an upright position, so that the core is then vertical, after which the rods 22, 26 are withdrawn to leave the mold cavity unobstructed with the core suspended from what is then the upper end of the flask. Ordinarily the core will be sufficiently held against lateral movement after the withdrawal of said rods, by the extended engagement of the head 29 with the end members of the flask, but if it be desired "to hold the lower port-ion of the core more firmly against lateral movement, one

or more small copper rods may be extended down into the core fro-m the head 29 to near the lower end thereof. When the cast has been made, such rods will pass through the transverse bafiies 41, and if it is desired to provide for the removalv of the rods after the bosh plate has been completed, by winding them with asbestos atthe points where ity with the core in a horizontal position,

' and then turning the flask so that the core is brought to a vertical position, meanwhile holding the core in its proper p'osition'by means, extending into the mold cavity, into engagement with the core, and capable of being withdrawn before the cast is made, so as to leave the mold cavity unobstructed, and therefore my invention includes that mode of operation broadly, as well as the apparatus y which it may be practiced. I also believe myself to be the first in the art to position the core by the use of removable positioning devices that extend into the core cavity while it is being formed and are capable of, being withdrawn after the mold is completed and before the cast is made, While ll prefer to make the cast with the core suspended from the upper end of the flask as described, broadly considered my in- .vention also includes making the cast with the position of the core reversed so that the head 29 is at the bottom instead of at the top of the flask. It should be understood,

' also, that While my invention is designed primarily for the casting of bosh plates, it may be applied to the casting of any other articles for which it may be suitable. The claims hereinafter made are therefore to be construed accordingly. i

In the drawings I have not shown the binding wires that are usually imbedded in the core to streng hen it and hold ittogether, as the use ot such wires has been common practice for many years, and is-well understood by those familiar with the art; moreover, the manner in which the core itself is made has nothing to do with-my invention, which contemplates the making of.

the core in any suitable way.

While I prefer to practice my improved process by the use of the apparatus described, I wish it to be understood that any other suitable apparatus may be employed.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, -isx-.

1. The method of casting hollow articles. in a' flask comprising a drag and a cope which consists in forming a mold' cavity containing acore disposed horizontall with means projecting into the mold cavity for.

positioning the core, turning the flask to carry the core to'an upright position. withdrawing saidcore positioning means from the mold cavity, and making the cast with the core in an upright position.

' 2. The method of casting hollow articles in a flask comprising adrag and a cope,

which consists in forming a core cavity in the flask by means of a core pattern, with position. v

3. The method of casting hollow articles in a flask comprising a drag and a cope,- which consists in form-ing'a core cavity in, the flask by means of a core pattern arranged horizontally, with removable means projecting into said core cavity adapted to position a core therein, substituting a core for the core pattern to form a mold cavity, turning the flask to carry the core to an upright position, withdrawing the positioning meansfrom the mold cavity, and then making the cast with'the core in such upright position.

4-. The method of casting hollow articles in a flask comprising-a drag and acope, which consists in forming a part of a core cavity in the drag by means of a core pattern with core positioning means projectmg through the drag into such core cavity, applying the cope to the drag and completing the core cavity over the core pattern, substituting a core for the core pattern, closing the flask over the core to form a mold cavity, withdrawing said positioning means from the mold cavity, and making the castwith the core in an upright position.

5. The method of casting hollow articles in-a flask comprising a'drag and a cope which consists in forming a part of a core cavity in the drag by means of a core pattern disposed horizontally, with core positioning means projecting through the drag into such core cavity, applying the cope to the drag and completing the core cavity over the core pattern, substituting a core for the core pattern, closing the flask over the core to form a mold cavlty, turning the" flask to carry the core to an upright position, withdrawing said positioning means from the mold cavity, andthen making the cast with the core in an upright position.

6. The, method of casting hollow articles in a flask comprising a drag, and a cope which consists 1n forming a part of a core cavity in one member of the flask by means of a core pattern having recesses in one surface thereof corresponding in depth with the thickness of the proximate wall of the making the cast with the core in an upright position. v

'8'. The method of casting hollow articles in a flask comprising a drag and a cope which consists in forming a part of the core cavity in the drag by means of a core pattern disposed horizontally, with core positioning means projecting through the drag into such core cavity, applying the cope to the drag and completing the core cavity over the core pattern, substituting a .core for the core pattern, closin the flask over the core to form a mold cavity, projecting core positioning means through the cope into engagement with the proximate surface of the core, turning the flask to carry the core to an up right position, withdrawing said positioning means from the mold cavity, and making the cast with the core in an upright position.

8. The method of casting hollow articles in a flask comprising a drag and a cope which consists in forming a part of a core cavity in the drag by means of'a core patterndisposed horizontally and having recesses in one surface thereof corresponding in depth to the thickness of the proximate wall of the casting to be made, projecting core positioning means through the drag into said recesses, applying the cope to the drag and completing the core cavity over the core pattern, substituting a core for the core pat tern, closing the flask over the core to form a mold cavity, projecting core positioning means through the cope into engagement with the proximate wall of the core, turning the flask to carry the core to an upright position, withdrawing the positioning means from the mold cavity, and then making the cast with the core in such upright position.

9. The method of casting hollow articles in a flask comprising a drag and a cope which-consists in forming a mold cavity containing a core disposed horizontally, with means projecting into the mold cavity for positioning the core, attaching one end of the core to one end of the flask, turning the flask to carry the core to an upright position in suspension from the upper end of the flask, withdrawing the positioning means from the mold cavity, and making the cast with the core in such upright position.

EDW'IN E. SMEETTI. 

